Gladwell is a journalist author of several best-selling books, including The Tipping Point and Blink co-founder of Pushkin Industries and host of the podcast Revisionist History. Scholars suggest that when the nation’s founders wrote in the Declaration of Independence that people are entitled to the “pursuit of happiness,” they shifted from a Christian focus on reaching heaven to a secular emphasis on attaining earthly success through ambition and autonomy.) Around the time of America’s founding, Immanuel Kant promoted the idea that a person is “what he makes of himself,” as he and his fellow Enlightenment philosophers ushered in a growing secularism. (Shortform note: The myth of the self-made man is central to American culture. Instead, he says success depends just as much on factors that lie beyond the individual and the individual’s control, including where and when they were born, what kind of family they were born into, how they were parented, and how much money their family has. However, in Outliers, Gladwell argues that the self-made man is a myth. This is the basis of the idea of the self-made man (or woman), who has earned their success and is in control of their destiny. We assume that they must be exceptionally gifted, intelligent, or passionate, and that these personal qualities are the keys to their success. When we learn about someone who’s extremely successful-an outlier-we often want to know what that person is like. 1-Page Summary 1-Page Book Summary of Outliers
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